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We believe that programming can be seen as the application of well structured and organized work of art from the mind, with a set of thought called algorithm to materialize the work, one step at a time. One can say ” Programming is the art of algorithm design and the craft of debugging errant code.” – Ellen Ullman. Programming refers to a technological process for telling a computer which tasks to perform in order to solve problems. You can think of programming as a collaboration between humans and computers, in which humans create instructions for a computer to follow (code) in a language computers can understand. 

Types of programming languages

While hundreds of programming languages (if not thousands) exist, and there are many ways to classify them, they typically can be grouped into five main categories:

1. Procedural programming languages
2. Functional programming languages
3. Object-oriented programming languages
4. Scripting languages
5. Logic programming languages

What is programming?

Programming refers to a technological process for telling a computer which tasks to perform in order to solve problems. You can think of programming as a collaboration between humans and computers, in which humans create instructions for a computer to follow (code) in a language computers can understand. 

Programming enables so many things in our lives. Here are some examples: 

• When you browse a website to find information, contact a service provider, or make a purchase, programming allows you to interact with the site’s on-page elements, such as sign-up or purchase buttons, contact forms, and drop-down menus.

• The programming behind a mobile app can make it possible for you to order food, book a rideshare service, track your fitness, access media, and more with ease. 

• Programming helps businesses operate more efficiently through different software for file storage and automation and video conferencing tools to connect people globally, among other things. 

• Space exploration is made possible through programming.  

How does computer programming work?

At its most basic, programming tells a computer what to do. First, a programmer writes code—a set of letters, numbers, and other characters. Next, a compiler converts each line of code into a language a computer can understand. Then, the computer scans the code and executes it, thereby performing a task or series of tasks. Tasks might include displaying an image on a webpage or changing the font of a section of text. 

Most used programming languages

Different programming languages enable programmers to write code that computers understand. According to a survey by Statista, the top five programming languages that developers use are: 

• JavaScript, used by 65.36% 
• HTML/CSS, used by 55.08%
• SQL, used by 49.43% 
• Python, used by 48.07% 
• TypeScript, used by 34.83%

JavaScript

This language is used on every major web browser. JavaScript allows you to add complex features to a web page, such as content updates, interactive maps, and animated graphics, develop games, and more.   

HTML/CSS

These languages are used to create web pages and web applications. You would use HTML (HyperText Markup Language) to build web page structure, while CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) would enable you to determine the page’s styling.   

SQL

SQL stands for Structured Query Language and is used to communicate with databases, including updating and retrieving data.

Python

Python programming is most used in machine learning, web development, and desktop applications. Python is a popular language among beginners, as the syntax is relatively easy to learn. It is known as an object-oriented programming language.

TypeScript

TypeScript is a free, open-source programming language developed by Microsoft as a superset of JavaScript. It’s used for developing large applications. 

Types of programming languages

While hundreds of programming languages (if not thousands) exist, and there are many ways to classify them, they typically can be grouped into five main categories:

1. Procedural programming languages
2. Functional programming languages
3. Object-oriented programming languages
4. Scripting languages
5. Logic programming languages

How to get started in computer programming 

Follow these steps to embark on a journey in the growing field of programming. 

1. Identify your programming goals. 

An important first step is to reflect on your goals and motivations. With clarity on what you want to achieve and why, you can align your actions with the outcomes you desire. Here are some examples of programming goals:  

• Launch a new programming career in a specific industry. 

• Explore programming in your current role and take on new projects that combine programming with what you already do.

• Pursue programming as a hobby and complete projects that match your interests.  

2. Enroll in an introductory programming course.

Once you know your goals, it’s a good idea to find a course on programming to introduce you to popular programming languages and different avenues for applying programming skills. You can also use an introductory course to refine your goals and focus your efforts. 

3. Build essential programming skills.

4. Connect with other programmers. 

5. Complete projects. 

• Creating a mobile app 
• Creating a calculator app
• Building a simple game
• Building a basic website from scratch 

6. Explore your future in programming.

The more you learn about programming, build skills, and complete projects, the closer you will get to achieving your goals

@“ Coursera“

Coding Quotes

1. Coding like poetry by g be short and concise. ― Santosh Kalwar
2. It’s not a bug; it’s an undocumented feature. ― Anonymous
3. First, solve the problem. Then, write the code. – John Johnson
4. Code is like humor. When you have to explain it, it’s bad. – Cory House
5. Of course, bad code can be cleaned up. But it’s very expensive.” — Robert C. Martin

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